Connected and Local IPv6 Routes

R1#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 5 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
C   2001:DB8:1111:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:1111:1::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/0, receive
C   2001:DB8:1111:4::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/1, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:1111:4::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/1, receive
L   FF00::/8 [0/0]
     via Null0, receive
R1#

Static IPv6 Routes

R1#show ipv6 interface g0/0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::2D0:BAFF:FE39:501
  No Virtual link-local address(es):
  Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8:1111:1::1, subnet is 2001:DB8:1111:1::/64
  Joined group address(es):
    FF02::1
    FF02::2
    FF02::1:FF00:1
    FF02::1:FF39:501
  MTU is 1500 bytes
  ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
  ICMP redirects are enabled
  ICMP unreachables are sent
  ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
  ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds
  ND advertised reachable time is 0 (unspecified)
  ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 (unspecified)
  ND router advertisements are sent every 200 seconds
  ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds
  ND advertised default router preference is Medium
  Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses.
R1#

PC0のdefault gatewayにはR1のg0/0/0 (Switch側) interfaceのリンクローカルアドレスを指定する
PC0自身のIPアドレスには2001:DB8:1111:1::11/64を指定

on PC0:

C:\>ping 2001:DB8:1111:1::1

Pinging 2001:DB8:1111:1::1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 2001:DB8:1111:1::1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255
Reply from 2001:DB8:1111:1::1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255
Reply from 2001:DB8:1111:1::1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255
Reply from 2001:DB8:1111:1::1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255

Ping statistics for 2001:DB8:1111:1::1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms

R2,PC1も同様に設定する
R1->R2 ping

R1#ping 2001:DB8:1111:2::1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:1111:2::1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

R1#

routingが設定されていないので当然疎通しない
R1のroutingを設定する必要がある

Static Routes Using the Outgoing Interface

次のように設定するやつ

R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001:db8:1111:2::/64 s0/1

serialでのみ動く
- ethernet interfaceではIPv6 addressの指定が必要 (後述)

Static Routes Using Next-Hop IPv6 Address

R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001:db8:1111:2::/64 2001:db8:1111:4::2
R1(config)#end
R1#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

R1#show ipv6 route 
IPv6 Routing Table - 6 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
C   2001:DB8:1111:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:1111:1::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/0, receive
S   2001:DB8:1111:2::/64 [1/0]
     via 2001:DB8:1111:4::2
C   2001:DB8:1111:4::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/1, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:1111:4::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/1, receive
L   FF00::/8 [0/0]
     via Null0, receive
R1#

R2も同様に設定する
from 2001:db8:1111:1::11

C:\>ping 2001:db8:1111:2::11

Pinging 2001:db8:1111:2::11 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 2001:DB8:1111:2::11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:1111:2::11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:1111:2::11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:1111:2::11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 2001:DB8:1111:2::11:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

link local addressを指定する場合は、outgoing interfaceの指定が必要

R1(config)#no ipv6 route 2001:db8:1111:2::/64
R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001:db8:1111:2::/64 g0/0/1 FE80::210:11FF:FED5:5702

R1#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 6 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
C   2001:DB8:1111:1::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:1111:1::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/0, receive
S   2001:DB8:1111:2::/64 [1/0]
     via FE80::210:11FF:FED5:5702, GigabitEthernet0/0/1
C   2001:DB8:1111:4::/64 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/1, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:1111:4::1/128 [0/0]
     via GigabitEthernet0/0/1, receive
L   FF00::/8 [0/0]
     via Null0, receive
R1#

outgoint interface + unicast address でもよいが冗長

Static Default Routes

last resort route的なやつ
::/0

Sttaic IPv6 Host Routes

destinationをsubnetではなく/128まで指定するやつ

Floating Static Ipv6 Routes

static route、各種routing protocol等を併用するさい、AD: administrative distance に基づいて優先度が変わるやつ
小さいもの優先n
デフォルト値

Route Source	Administrative Distance
Connected routes	0
Static routes	1
NDP	2
EIGRP	90
OSPF	110
RIP	120
unknown or unbelievable	255

The Neighbor Discovery Protocol

Discovering Neighbor Link Addresses with NDP NS and NA

IPv4のARPに相当
NS: Neighbor Solicitation
- MACアドレスの問い合わせ
- solicited-node multicast addressに送信される
- つまり、リンクローカルで、16進表記で末尾6文字が一致するホストにのみ問い合わせる
- 無差別に送りつけないということ
NA: Neighbor Advertisement
- MACアドレスの返信

Discovering Routers with NDP RS and RA

RS: Router Solicitation
- 「全IPv6ルーター」のlocal-scope multi-cast addressに問い合わせ
- FF02::2
RA: Router Advertisement
- IPv6 link local addressを返信、もしくは全IPv6ホスト(FF02::1)に送信する

Using SLAAC with NDP RS and RA

SLAAC: Stateless Address Autoconfiguration
DHCPと異なり、サーバーが不要なのが特徴
- state = address poolが要らないということ
処理の流れ
1. NDP RAメッセージを用いてIPv6アドレスのPrefix部を取得する
2. 各hostでInterface ID部を生成する
3. EUI-64 または乱数
4. PrefixとInterface IDでIPv6アドレスを組み立てる
5. IPv6アドレスを使用する前に、DAD: Duplicate Address Detection で重複のなきことを確認する

Discovering Dupliate Addresses Using NDP NS and NA

DAD: Duplicate Address Detection
自分のIPv6アドレスでNSメッセージを送信する
NAレスポンスが帰ってきたら、IPv6アドレスが重複しているということ

NDP Summary

Protocol Message	Who Discovers Info	Who Supplies Info	Info
RS/RA	Any IPv6 host	Any IPv6 router	各Routerのリンクローカルアドレス
RS/RA	Any IPv6 host	Any IPv6 router	ローカルリンクのPrefix/length
NS/NA	Any IPv6 host	Any IPv6 host	隣接ホストのMACアドレス
NS/NA	Any IPv6 host	Any IPv6 host	IPv6アドレスの重複

D.Horiyama's output

CCNA試験対策 ch25 Implementing IPv6 Routing

Connected and Local IPv6 Routes

Static IPv6 Routes

Static Routes Using the Outgoing Interface

Static Routes Using Next-Hop IPv6 Address

Static Default Routes

Sttaic IPv6 Host Routes

Floating Static Ipv6 Routes

The Neighbor Discovery Protocol

Discovering Neighbor Link Addresses with NDP NS and NA

Discovering Routers with NDP RS and RA

Using SLAAC with NDP RS and RA

Discovering Dupliate Addresses Using NDP NS and NA

NDP Summary